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Contents

List of Maps viii Notes on Contributors ix Editor's Acknowledgments xv Introduction xvi John Horne PART I ORIGINS 1 1 The War Imagined: 1890-1914 3 Gerd Krumeich 2 The War Explained: 1914 to the Present 19 John F. V. Keiger PART II THE MILITARY CONFLICT 33 3 The War Experienced: Command, Strategy, and Tactics, 1914-18 35 Hew Strachan 4 War in the West, 1914-16 49 Holger H. Herwig 5 War in the East and Balkans, 1914-18 66 Dennis Showalter 6 The Italian Front, 1915-18 82 Giorgio Rochat 7 The Turkish War, 1914-18 97 Ulrich Trumpener 8 The War in Africa 112 David Killingray 9 War in the West, 1917-18 127 Robin Prior and Trevor Wilson 10 The War at Sea 141 Paul G. Halpern 11 The War in the Air 156 John H. Morrow, Jr. PART III FACES OF WAR 171 12 Combat 173 Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau 13 Combatants and Noncombatants: Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes 188 Alan Kramer 14 War Aims and Neutrality 202 Jean-Jacques Becker 15 Industrial Mobilization and War Economies 217 Theo Balderston 16 Faith, Ideologies, and the "Cultures of War" 234 Annette Becker 17 Demography 248 Jay Winter 18 Women and Men 263 Susan R. Grayzel 19 Public Opinion and Politics 279 John Horne 20 Military Medicine 295 Sophie Delaporte 21 Science and Technology 307 Anne Rasmussen 22 Intellectuals and Writers 323 Christophe Prochasson 23 The Visual Arts 338 Annette Becker 24 Film and the War 353 Pierre Sorlin PART IV STATES, NATIONS, AND EMPIRES 369 25 Austria-Hungary and "Yugoslavia" 371 Mark Cornwall 26 Belgium 386 Sophie de Schaepdrijver 27 Britain and Ireland 403 Adrian Gregory 28 France 418 Leonard V. Smith 29 Germany 432 Gerhard Hirschfeld 30 German-Occupied Eastern Europe 447 Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius 31 Italy 464 Antonio Gibelli 32 Russia 479 Eric Lohr 33 The Ottoman Empire 494 Hamit Bozarslan 34 The United States 508 Jennifer D. Keene 35 The French and British Empires 524 Robert Aldrich and Christopher Hilliard PART V LEGACIES 541 36 The Peace Settlement, 1919-39 543 Carole Fink 37 War after the War: Conflicts, 1919-23 558 Peter Gatrell 38 Mourning and Memory, 1919-45 576 Laurence Van Ypersele Select Primary Sources 591 Extended Bibliography 601 Index 634

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