Learning Clinical Reasoning uses a case-based approach to teach students the basics of clinical reasoning. The first section explains the chief components of the clinical reasoning process, such as generating and refining diagnostic hypotheses, using and interpreting diagnostic tests, assembling a working diagnosis, therapeutic decision-making, and examining and applying evidence, and also includes a discussion of cognitive errors. The second section contains 69 cases in which clinicians "think out loud" about diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas, and the authors critique these clinicians' reasoning. This edition has thirty new cases from the New England Journal of Medicine and other sources and expanded discussions of evidence-based medicine, clinical practice guidelines, and cognitive errors.
Part I: THE PROCESSES OF CLINICAL REASONING
1: Overview
2: Diagnostic Hypothesis Generation
3: Refinement of Diagnostic Hypotheses
4: Use and Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests
5: Causal Reasoning
6: Diagnostic Verification
7: Therapeutic Decision Making
8: Examining Evidence
9: Cognitive Errors
10: Some Cognitive Concepts
11: Learning Clinical Problem Solving
Part II: COGNITION AT THE BEDSIDE: A SET OF EXAMPLES
12: Introduction to the Cases
13: Diagnostic Hypothesis Generation
14: Refinement of Diagnostic Hypotheses
15: Use and Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests
16: Causal Reasoning
17: Diagnostic Verification
18: Therapeutic Decision Making
19: Examining Evidence
20: Cognitive Errors
21: Some Cognitive Concepts
22: Learning Clinical Problem Solving
